Essay on Triumph of The Nerds - 859 Words

Akshay!1 Akshay Jain Professor Susan Hubbard Computer’s Impact on Society 11 September 2014 ! The Blunders of Computer Giants historically affected their Economy. The remarkable contribution and digital competition between the computer giants historically affected the economy of the world wide industry. The inception of an innovation, aimed at proliferating the productivity of the contemporary technology on a global scale, encouraged the nerds to establish digital empires that continue to thrive today. Computer Giants contributed in the economic boom, thereby increasing the employment, sales, and the commercial demand in the market. The crucial and the careless mistakes or simply ignorance; economically affected the Giants†¦show more content†¦The relationships and collaboration for developing a product, between these computer giants were quite interesting. Another Computer Giant ‘IBM’ wanted to develop a PC with a thinking of making it open architecture by using off the shelf components. Gary Kildall, the guy who had OS called CPM, refused to contribute with IBM, of which IBM was in need of. IBM and Microsoft came for making a PC as Microsoft had software and OS with a person whom they knew, he was Tim Patterson. It was called as â€Å"The Floridian Project†. Microsoft paid SCP $50,000 for OS as Tim was working for them. And for more chunks of profit, Microsoft sold the licenses to each computer for $50. After selling those PCs IBM gained 50% of the market. Though IBM was taking over the market, their some careless mistakes made them suffer. IBM did not buy the OS from Microsoft and did not prevent him from licensing it other computer giants. It was matter of time and other companies took on IBM. Even hardware suppliers of IBM such as Intel(CPU), Compaq started selling their own PC. The only thing that was proprietary to IBM was ROM-BIOS but that too was legally acquired by competitors through reverse engineering. IBM market was shrinking and they suffered from economical cutback. Akshay!3 Lastly, the Computer Giants in the silicon Valley started making clones to earn big chunks of sales and economic gain. The economy of the Giants wasShow MoreRelatedThe Triumph Of The Nerds938 Words   |  4 Pagesfascinating? Depending on one’s inclination and angle he could select either of those. Somebody can munificently share it with others so as to serve and facilitate whereas others entangled in their greediness could build cash out of it! The Triumph of the Nerds is one in every of the foremost necessary chapters in human history. It has affected the daily life of an individual’s today†¦and clearly, for the years and centuries to come. The existence of the individuals has been transformed at the speedRead MoreSummary of Triumph of the Nerds1449 Words   |  6 Pagesto put together. As with anything, if you did not put it together properly it would not work. After the introduction of Altair other people wanted to make computers as well. People such as Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, and because of all of these â€Å"nerds† they help fuel the economic boom of the 1980’s and changed how businesses ran companies. The first P.C Altair was a large box that had a front panel on it and numerous switches on it to input data. The Altair had no external display and no otherRead MoreMovie Analysis : Film, Japanese Clothing, And Japanese Apparel, A Traditional Form Of Japanese Footwear854 Words   |  4 Pagesshown in a film truly affects people outside the theaters, particularly on how specific cultures are identified. As a child growing up watching blockbuster films, when I watched a new, hit movie where a Chinese person was labeled as a nerd, soon after, I was called a nerd; this is through the connection of the film’s view of the Chinese. This stereotype led me to believe that I actually needed to be as smart as the media stated my culture was. What we have seen on the screen emanates what society reallyRead MoreThe New Black Of Music1280 Words   |  6 Pageswhich are all now predominantly white. There are hip hop artist like Harlem native female rapper, Azaelia Banks, who believes that there is no place for white artist in hip hop. There are also music appreciators, like the Internet s Busiest Music Nerd and politically aware, Anthony Fantano, who believe although cultural appropriation exists, the most remembered artist are those with true talent. Although I see both points, I believe that those who appropriate others culture do not deserve mainstreamRead MoreSchool Is A Waste Considering Education Is Mandatory906 Words   |  4 Pageswhile participating in extra-curricular activities after school. These activities can be very tiring after a long day, especially since because these students usually participate in more than one. Some may call these students â€Å"teachers’ pets† or â€Å"nerds,† but in reality they are at the top of the class and doing the best that they can to earn scholarships and awards by graduation. These motivated students use their determination and goal-setting abilities to their advantage. Whether it is to getRead MoreStudent Academic Clubs And Student Organizations : Do They Help Students With A Sense Of Belonging? Essay1939 Words   |  8 Pagesstated â€Å"When I was in high school in the ï ¬ fties there was a vast gulf between the nerds and the popular crowd or the jocks (though these terms did not yet exist). In many schools today the nerds have so inï ¬ ltrated the popular crowd and the jocks that the words may be losing their meaning. â€Å"Nerds rule,† declares Stephen S. Hall in a recent New York Times Magazine article, featured on the issue’s cover as â€Å"The Triumph of the Brainiac.† Though Hall concedes that such a claim is an exaggeration, he presentsRead MoreThe Odyssey And Oedipus The King : How Bonds And Abilities Shape Our Lives Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pageschoices that we make, which are influenced by our individual talents and abilities. In both works, the correlation between personal bonds and individual abilities appears in the protagonists and their families. Father and son relationships and the triumphs and downfalls that occur because of the unequal distribution of strength and intellect between individuals are two representational ideas that correlate between both works and attempt to demonstrate how our lives develop and the outcome of our destinyRead MoreIs Higher Education Necessary?1193 Words   |  5 Pagescollege is the next step to a bigger future after high school. So many people look forward to the fun, the new experiences, the new people, and the new life. College is sometimes a getaway for that bullied student or a safe haven for that scientific nerd, but where do these people end up after college? A college education is not a decision for everyone, as several students graduate with a huge amount of student debt and qualified job opportunities. Do they even complete it? Secondary ins titutions areRead MoreA Life Of Balancing School And Business Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesA Life of Balancing School and Business With the vogue around with startups, entrepreneurship is not a post educational phenomenon anymore. The world has shown how young people whilst studying, can triumph in creating great companies. But, how young of a student are we talking about? You would think ‘college’, but no; today we are to look at a high school student who dreamt enough to do enough. Ahmed Fahad is a high school senior who resides in Dhaka. His dreams are big and his actions bigger. InRead MoreHistory of the Computer1148 Words   |  5 Pages Work Cited 1. Ceruzzi, Paul E. A History of Modern Computing. Massachusetts: Cambridge, 1999 2. Campbell-Kelly, Martin, and William Aspray. A History of the Information Machine. New York: Basic Books, 1996 3. Cringely, Robert X. Triumph of the Nerds: A History of the Computer. June 1996. PBS. Feb. 28, 2006

Germanys World War One Reparations - 701 Words

World War I started on July 28, 1914, when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. This ostensibly small dispute between two countries dispersed rapidly: soon thereafter, Russia,Germany, France, and Great Britain were all drawn into the war, for the most part because they were engaged in treaties that obligated them to fend for other nations. Western and eastern front line quickly opened along the borders of Austria-Hungary and Germany. The inaugural month of battle consisted of audacious attacks and rapid troop movements on both front lines. In the west, Germany assailed first Belgium and then France. In the south, Austria-Hungary initiated an attack on Serbia. Succeeding the Battle of the Marne (September 5–9, 1914), the western front†¦show more content†¦Initiative, France and Britain launched a unsuccessful onslaught on the Dardanelles. This operation was ensued by the British incursion of the Gallipoli Peninsula. Britain likewise launched a separate military campaign against the Turks in Mesopotamia. Although the British had some prosperity in Mesopotamia, the Gallipoli campaign and the attacks on the Dardanelles resulted in British failures. In the middle of the war, 1916 - 1917, was dominated by continued trench warfare in both the west and the east. Soldiers battled from dug-in military positions, striking at each other with chemical weapons, heavy artillery, and machine guns. Although soldiers have perished by the millions during inhumane conditions, neither region had any substantial attainment or acquired any advantage. Disregarding the deadlock on both front lines in Europe, two momentous developments occurred in 1917 during the war. In early April, the United States, infuriated by onslaughts upon its ships in the Atlantic, proclaimed war on Germany. In November, the Bolshevik Revolution motivated Russia to extract out of the war. Although both sides propulsion renewed offensives in 1918 in an everything or nothing endeavor to triumph in the war, both efforts were unsuccessful. The combat between exhausted, disheartened troops continued to walk along, until the Germans squandered a number of individual battles. A fatal eruption of influenza, meanwhile, took dense tolls on soldiers ofShow MoreRelatedThe Mass Murder Of A Totalitarian Leader1112 Words   |  5 PagesInstitutional, verbal, or physical. Eventually discrimination, led to violence, and violence transitioned into genocide; the mass murder of a particular ethnic group. In total, over six million men, women, and children were systematically murdered, in one of the largest genocides known to mankind, â€Å"Never shall I forget the little faces of children, whose bodies turned into wreaths of smoke beneath a silent blue sky,† (Elie Wiesel). The aftermath of the Holocaust was devastating, hundreds of Jewish familiesRead MoreThe Fairness of the Treaty of Versailles Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesTreaty of Versailles When assessing the fairness of the Treaty of Versailles it is necessary to consider the impact of the treaty, not only on Germany, but also on all the major powers involved in both the treaty and the First World War. In order to determine the fairness of the treaty it is important to, in Germanys case especially, consider the Treaty of Versailles in economic, military, territorial and colonial terms. There are also other countries which the TreatyRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles Necessary1012 Words   |  5 Pagesstated the post war requirements Germany must fulfil, ultimately ended up as a failure. The treaty fundamentally failed to prevent another â€Å"Great War.† The requirements from the Treaty of Versailles, led economical failure and political instability which created the path for Hitler to come into power, a fascist dictator. Therefore, creating the environment possible for World War II. The Treaty of Versailles required Germany to restore the Saar Basin to France. Which in turn, was one of many reasonsRead MoreThe Impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany Essay529 Words   |  3 PagesVersailles was received very badly within Germany. The nation had been blamed entirely for the first world war and had been forced to pay compensation to the allies under the war guilt clause of the treaty. The war guilt clauses not only made the Germans accept responsibility for the war but also cost them dearly. 10% of German lands were lost as a result, all of Germanys overseas colonies were taken away and shared between the allies and a massive 12.5% of the GermanRead MoreWhy Germany was So Discontented with The Treaty of Versailles1683 Words   |  7 Pagessigned, however the Germans were left discontented with it. There were many accumulative reasons why the Germans disliked the treaty; one being the first fact of how disappointed they were that they had lost the war. It was known that the German military officials believed that they had a large chance of winning throughout the war- and was surprised of the failure of the Ludendorff Offensive. This meant that whatever the terms were, it would always feel humiliating Read MoreThe Causes Of World War Two. On June, 28 1919, The Treaty763 Words   |  4 PagesOf World War Two On June, 28 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed. This treaty coupled with other factors, such as the Nazis rise to power in Germany, Europe’s policy of appeasement, and Germany’s invasion of Poland would lead to - and be direct causes of - World War II. In fact, when French military commander Marshal Foch heard of the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, her observed with extreme accuracy - â€Å"This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for 20 years.† (Churchill, 7) World War I officiallyRead MorePutzier 1. Tessa Putzier. Ms. Jeanne Bitz . Language Arts.1293 Words   |  6 PagesOf World War Two On June, 28 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed. This treaty coupled with other factors, such as the Nazis rise to power in Germany, Europe’s policy of appeasement, and Germany’s invasion of Poland would lead to - and be direct causes of - World War II. In fact, when French military commander Marshal Foch heard of the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, her observed with extreme accuracy - â€Å"This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for 20 years.† (Churchill, 7) World War I officiallyRead MoreThe Economic Recession Of The Weimar Republic After Wwi1400 Words   |  6 PagesTom Godlewski ECO 220 Dr. Maskay November 25, 2014 The Economic Downturn of the Weimar Republic After WWI War over the past two centuries has evolved faster and more dynamically than any other period in human history. The advent of air forces, automatic weapons, chemical warfare and a slew of other malevolently created weapons define one of history’s deadliest wars; World War One. World War One was the first time humankind experienced carnage on that level. Cities, infrastructure and most importantlyRead MoreHow Significant Was The Treaty Of Versailles On Germany?1116 Words   |  5 Pageshate the Allies, eventually contributing to the beginning of World War 2. Although the Allies had a right to demand certain things from Germany (as they were the instigators of the war), they should have been more lenient and taken Germany’s poor economic situation into account. The war was a mistake on the part of the German government, but it was the people who payed the price. I have taken into account Germany’s loss of territory, the war guilt, the economical effects of the T reaty, and the armamentsRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles And Its Impact On Germany In 1919-19391600 Words   |  7 Pagesthe country. The Treaty of Versailles was an effect of Germany losing World War 1. The allies France,Britain,and the U.S. blamed Germany for the war happening. At the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 the allies got together and drew up The Treaty of Versailles for the punishment for Germany. The treaty had a great impact on Germany in economic,political,and societal ways. In economics Germany was forced to pay all war reparations, they had hyperinflation, and industrial production was reduced greatly

Prespectives on Personality free essay sample

The study of personality is one of the major topics of interest within psychology. Numerous personality theories exist, and most of the major ones fall in to one of four major perspectives. Each of these perspectives on personality attempts to describe different patterns in personality, including how these patterns form and how people differ on an individual level. The Psychoanalytic Perspective The  psychoanalytic perspective  of personality emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences and the unconscious mind. This perspective on personality was created by psychiatrist Sigmund Freud who believed that things hidden in the unconscious could be revealed in a number of different ways, including through dreams, free association and slips of the tongue. Neo-Freudian theorists, including Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler and  Karen Horney, believed in the importance of the unconscious, but disagreed with other aspects of Freuds theories. The Humanistic Perspective The humanistic perspective of personality focuses on psychological growth, free will and personal awareness. We will write a custom essay sample on Prespectives on Personality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It takes a more positive outlook on human nature and is centered on how each person can achieve their individual potential. The Social Cognitive Perspective The social cognitive perspective of personality emphasizes the importance of observational learning, self-efficacy, situational influences and cognitive processes. Major Theorists and Their Theories: †¢ Sigmund Freud:  Stressed the importance of early childhood events, the influence of the unconscious and sexual instincts in the development and formation of personality. Erik Erikson:  Emphasized the social elements of personality development, the identity crisis and how personality is shaped over the course of the entire lifespan. †¢ Carl Jung:  Focused on concepts such as the collective unconscious,  archetypes  and psychological types. †¢ Alfred Adler:  Believed the core motive behind personality involves striving for superiority, or the desire to overcome challenges and move closer toward self-realiz ation. This desire to achieve superiority stems from underlying feelings of inferiority that Adler believed were universal. Karen Horney:  Focused on the need to overcome basic anxiety, the sense of being isolated and alone in the world. She emphasized the societal and cultural factors that also play a role in personality, including the importance of the parent-child relationship. What is the Trait Theory The trait approach to personality is one of the major theoretical areas in the study of personality. The trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed broad dispositions. Consider how you would describe the personality of a close friend. Chances are that you would list a number of traits, such as  outgoing,  kind  and  even-tempered. A trait can be thought of as a relatively stable characteristic that causes individuals to behave in certain ways. The Trait Perspective The trait perspective of personality is centered on identifying, describing and measuring the specific traits that make up human personality. By understanding these traits, researchers believe they can better comprehend the differences between individuals Gordon Allport’s Trait Theory In 1936, psychologist  Gordon Allport  found that one English-language dictionary alone contained more than 4,000 words describing different personality traits.   He categorized these traits into three levels: †¢ Cardinal Traits:  Traits that dominate an individual’s whole life, often to the point that the person becomes known specifically for these traits. People with such personalities often become so known for these traits that their names are often synonymous with these qualities. Consider the origin and meaning of the following descriptive terms: Freudian, Machiavellian, narcissism, Don Juan, Christ-like, etc. Allport suggested that cardinal traits are rare and tend to develop later in life. 2 Central Traits:  These are the general characteristics that form the basic foundations of personality. These central traits, while not as dominating as cardinal traits, are the major characteristics you might use to describe another perso n. Terms such as  intelligent,  honest,shy  and  anxious  are considered central traits. †¢ Secondary Traits:  These are the traits that are sometimes related to attitudes or preferences and often appear only in certain situations or under specific circumstances. Some examples would be getting anxious when speaking to a group or impatient while waiting in line.

Racial Inequality in America in 1998

Racial inequality in the United States is still a contentious issue. The demographic population of the US may be a possible explanation for this social ill because as commentator Ben Wattenberg importunes, the United States has become the â€Å"world’s first multinational society† (Lee, 2012, p. 2).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Racial Inequality in America in 1998 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, most nations across the world look up to the United States in awe of its immigration status in view of the relevant laws and policies. The US has comfortably managed to accommodate all races from Blacks to White to Asians and Hispanics within its borders. However, racial inequality remains the greatest vulnerability suffered by the United States’ democracy. Despite being the orchestrator of the Universal Bill of Rights, the US suffers gravely from a systemic cancer of racial imparity. This malevolence dates back to the ages of slavery, during which the role of the united states cannot be underestimated as it had the largest number of slaves within a localized geographical location (the South). Moreover, even after the ban of slavery in the US, it was notoriuious for continued infringement of human rights by discrimination even after the abolishment of slavery after the Civil War (Vorenberg, 2001, p.104). Nevertheless, since the 1960s, the United States has come a long way in the abolishment of discrimination and bias based on diversities. There have been three key legislations, viz. The Omnibus Civil Rights Act of 1964, The Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Free Housing Act of 1968 that assisted in the fight against racial iniquality by legislating the desired socio-political, economic, and cultural outcome of a free United States. After the Civil War, Americans were under the impression that the social ills leading to the civil strife that culminated in the war would come to an immediate end. However, the continuation of these social atrocities until as late as 1998 was proof that it would take more than just a few new laws and declaration to rid people of the racial bias that had been so deeply entrenched in their minds and lives. The history of slavery dates back to the early seventeenth Century when a Dutch ship arrived in the New World loaded with African slaves (Buell, 2004). At one point, there was a severe shortage of labor to run the plantations and these human machines were perceived as the only way out. They were strong, resilient, and clearly built for hard labor and harsh living conditions, which suited their maters’ needs. Consequently, slave trade soon became a lucrative business and ships continued to arrive with armies of Africans who at first had been sold off by their own communities into slavery as outcasts, but as the demand grew, the slave dealers began to kidnap slaves for trade.Advertising Looking for te rm paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This went on for more than three centuries and so by the time slavery was being abolished in the early 20th century, whites had become accustomed to treating African Americans with contempt. There was a time in history when it was not conceivable that an African could read. The white masters did not believe that slaves had the intelligence to grasp any knowledge. With this kind of background, it is in fact commendable that the world has come so far as to accept black people in almost equal standing. In The United States, Blacks are actually ranking above Hispanics and some Asians in terms of development (Sowell, 2013). However, the issue of racial inequality still survives and policy makers are running out of ideas on what laws to install to get rid of racial inequality for the last time. However, if history is an indicator, legislation alone shall not solve this problem. Immediately after the Civil War, policy makers came up with the Omnibus Civil Rights Act, of 1964. This Act is the mother of all antidiscrimination legislations and it covered racial, ethnic, and even sexual discrimination (Lee, 2012). Title VIII is an addendum to the Act and it tackles discrimination at the workplace, religious discrimination, and sexual harassment at the workplace. It also made segregation illegal and empowered the Attorney General to institute suits against institutions and agencies such as schools and employers who discriminated against their students and employees respectively, based on race among other variables. The second Act was the Voting Rights Act 1965. This Act established federal regulation over matters that were hitherto reserved for state and local jurisdiction only, such as political issues to do with voting and minorities’ rights. In 2006 when it was most recently amended, the Republicans in the House sought to abrogate the federal oversigh t capacity of the Judicial Department to no avail. The third Act was the Federal Housing Act of 1968 â€Å"that prohibited racial discrimination in the sale and renting of housing† (Bonilla-Silva, 2006, p.94). It covers all houses including those that are individually owned and occupied. Unfortunately, these legislations did not successfully eliminate racial inequality because although the law required compliance in certain institutional settings, it could not act as a watchdog in every social aspect of racism. For instance, it could not prevent racist comments between individual citizens. This shortcoming in the law’s capacity to address the issue of racial inequality adequately culminated in several instances of hate crimes that were egregious violations of human rights policies and in the case of James Byrd Jr., it cost his life (Petersen, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Racial Inequality in America in 1998 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 1998, at Jasper County in Texas, three white men, viz. Lawrence Russell Brewer, John William King, Shawn Berry killed James Byrd in a shocking act that was described by one prosecutor as psychopathic racism. These three men were out on a drinking spree when they saw a black James Byrd walking down the street. They offered him a ride and a beer then began to ridicule him with racist sentiments (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2005). At first, he ignored the barbs, but eventually a fight ensued, which culminated in his throat being slit, black paint being smeared on his face and finally, being chained by his feet to the back of their truck and dragged for three or so miles until he died after getting decapitated. Soon afterwards, investigations began and since it was such an egregious act of racial violence, the Federal Bureau of Investigations coupled up with the Justice Department and the state to nub the perpetrators. Ev entually, the three men were arrested, prosecuted, and the jury found them guilty of murder (Welch, 2007). King and Brewer were given the death penalty as the jury ruled unanimously that they should be put to death, while Berry got a life sentence. One of the questions asked of the jury in such instances is whether it believes that the perpetrator shall kill again if not put to death first. Racial inequality continues to be a contentious issue in the US democracy and statistics indicate a consistent pattern since from as early as 1968 up to date. If a hierarchy were to be applied, whites would be on top, followed by blacks in some instances, and the other races respectively. Worryingly, the newer races in the US economy are already surpassing or threatening to surpass the African American population in matters of poverty and employment (Lee, 2012, p. 7). However, the solution perhaps lies in education as educated individuals, irrespective of race, seem to live in a respectable stand ard, but this is also not a foolproof remedy because there is still a gap between equally educated counterparts among the races. Consequently, more time is required for further unification of races in addition to all the preventive legislations and policies aimed at eradicating racial inequality as well as education. As time lapses, people’s attitudes seem to improve by abandoning long-held idiosyncrasies. Reference List Bonilla-Silva, E. (2006). Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the  Persistence of Racial Inequality in America. Oxford, UK: Rowman Littlefield Publishers.Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Buell, T. (2004). Slavery in America: A Primary Source History of the Intolerable  Practice of Slavery. New York, NY: The Rosen Publishing Group. Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2005). Hate Crime Statistics 2004. Web. Lee, C. (2012, May). Racial Inequality: America’s Achilles’ Heel- Full Chapter You are  here Today’s American: How Free? Web. Petersen, J. (2011). Murder, the Media, and the Politics of Public Feelings:  Remembering Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press. Sowell, T. (2013). Intellectuals and Race. New York, NY: Basic Books. Vorenberg, M. (2001). Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the  Thirteenth Amendment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Welch, K. (2007). Black Criminal Stereotypes and Racial Profiling. Journal of  Contemporary Criminal Justice, 23(3), 276-288. This term paper on Racial Inequality in America in 1998 was written and submitted by user Eve M. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay about Homeschooling vs Public

Essay about Homeschooling vs Public Essay about Homeschooling vs Public Homeschooling VS Public As a new parent, one must eventually face the big question -what is the best type of education for your child, public or home school? This is such a huge question, and one that can make or break the child. Choosing the correct type of schooling can decide how well the child does in life, or what college he or she may attend. â€Å"A con or a pro, depending on how you look at it is that children and parents are in the same vicinity for days at a time. Some parents cherish that time with their children and some parents are driven crazy if their kids are not out of the house. Again, going back to the first considerations, you must analyze yours and your children’s needs.† (Education Bug) There are pros and cons to both, just like Education Bug suggests. The parent will need to address both sides and see what is best for their child and their family environment. Public schooling is beneficial for a child, despite some drawbacks, because it can provide active social development, extracurricular activities, and teaches the child to work in a team environment. Public school offers interaction with peers and other children. This will help develop their social skills, which in turn will help them become more successful in life. Public school teaches the child to learn from others, like teachers and students, instead of just the parent. Going to public school will help the child to learn what learning skills benefit them the most. Like how they learn hands on or by reading and then doing. Going to public school also has its cons: it can subject the child to peer-pressure and bullying. If the child was homeschooled, he or she would not encounter as many situations for possible peer-pressure or bullying. Homeschooling also helps by allowing the child to learn at their own pace. Sometime certain subjects are harder for a child and they need a little more time to focus on that subject. Public schooling sometimes does not offer this as they are on a strict schedule and the teachers have twenty-plus other students to attend to. There is also the one on one time the child has with his teacher/parent that he/she would not get in the public school. The following are some statics that show why parents have chosen to remove or enroll their child in homeschooling: â€Å"In 2007, the most common reason parents gave as the most important was a desire to provide religious or moral instruction (36 percent of students). This reason was followed by a concern about the school environment (such as safety, drugs, or negative peer pressure) (21 percent), dissatisfaction with academi c instruction (17 percent), and "other reasons" including family time, finances, travel, and distance (14 percent).† (Institute of education scientists.) These statics show valid reasons as to why a parent would chose homeschooling over public schooling. In public school the child has many options for extracurricular activities like after school tutoring, sports, year book, or the school newspaper. There are plenty of opportunities to find out what interest the child, not what the parent wants the child to be interested in. Having after school extracurricular activities helps the parents if they work a full time job. The child learns and develops appreciation for an accomplishment, like when they win their first baseball game. The parent may not need to pay for daycare or some type of nanny if the child is participating in an extracurricular activity. Participating in extracurricular activities with public school can hurt the family budget as well. Not only is the budget affected, it also cuts down on the one on one time among the family. â€Å"For some families, the costs of their student's participation in extracurricular activities is simply too much. With shrinking budgets, schools contribute less and less to help cover the cost s of activities.† (Adkins) There are proven facts with today’s economy and the school budget shrinking each year more financial

What Does a College Acceptance Letter Say Expert Guide

What Does a College Acceptance Letter Say Expert Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Whereas fall means college application season, spring means admission notifications time. All high school seniors want to get a college acceptance letter to their top-choice school. But what exactly does an admittance letter look like? And what does it say? In this article, we go over what information a typical college acceptance letter includes and show you real college acceptance letter samples so you can get an idea of what they look like. We also give you our top four tips for what to do after you get an admittance letter. What Does a College Acceptance Letter Say? A typical college acceptance letter usually says exactly what you’d expect it to say: that you've been admitted to the school and offered a place in the incoming class. Most of the time, a college acceptance letter will get straight to the point: it’ll start off clear and congratulatory so you’ll have no doubt about whether or not you’ve been admitted. Below are examples of the types of words and phrases commonly used in the first paragraph of an admittance letter: "Congratulations!" "I am delighted to inform you that you have been admitted to †¦" "We are pleased to inform you that you have been admitted to †¦" "We are pleased/happy to offer you admission to ... " "It is my/our pleasure to offer you admission to †¦" "It is with great pleasure that I/we offer you admission to †¦" Naturally, there’s a lot of variation with the phrases here, but the examples above are fairly representative of what you’ll see in the opening of a college acceptance letter. After the paragraph containing the offer of admission, you'll typically get a couple of sentences (which are really just compliments) about how your application stood out, how competitive the applicant pool was this year, and/or how you should be proud of yourself for getting in. The next paragraph or two will vary depending on the school. Many colleges inform admitted applicants of an admittees-only event on campus, which is usually a weekend similar to freshman orientation. These events teach you more about the campus and what kinds of opportunities and support the school offers; they also encourage you to attend the school. The ending paragraphs in a typical college acceptance letter give you details about the deadline by which you must make and submit your college decision (i.e., whether or not you’ll be attending the school). This deadline is almost always May 1. By that point, you should have gotten admissions decisions from all the schools you've applied to (unless you’ve been waitlisted somewhere and are waiting to see whether you’ll get off the waitlist). This is just the gist of what you can expect a college acceptance letter to say. But what exactly does an admittance letter look like? 4 Real College Acceptance Letter Samples Now that we’ve gone over what a typical admittance letter says, you’re probably wondering what this letter can look like. We’ve published four real college acceptance letter samples for you to look at. These show you what acceptance letters look like overall, how they’re often worded and organized, and what kind of information they generally include. Click the links below to see each college acceptance letter sample and to learn more about what these top colleges say to admitted applicants: Harvard Acceptance Letter Princeton Acceptance Letter Stanford Acceptance Letter MIT Acceptance Letter Oftentimes, after you receive an admittance letter, you'll get subsequent letters from the school giving you more information on admittees-only events, how to submit your decision, and so on. Click here to see a real follow-up letter to a college acceptance letter from NYU. When Can You Expect a College Acceptance Letter? These days, most colleges will first and sometimes only notify applicants of their admissions decisions electronically, either through an online portal or by email. That said, most colleges will also follow up their online offer with a formal college acceptance letter that is mailed directly to the applicant. When you can expect to hear back from colleges regarding your admission decisions can vary. The vast majority of colleges get back to applicants with their admission decisions by the first week of April, with many releasing their decisions in mid- to late March. If you applied early action or early decision to a school, you’ll most likely hear back in December, January, or February. For more info about when you can expect to receive an admissions decision, check out our guide to when college acceptance letters arrive. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Got a College Admittance Letter? 4 Steps to Take Next If you’ve gotten a college acceptance letter, congratulations! You've just been admitted to a college you applied to- a great accomplishment. Once you've celebrated a little, though, what should you do next? Here are four critical steps to take after you get a college acceptance letter. Step 1: Wait for Any Other Decision Notifications to Arrive Most students apply to multiple colleges at once, so even if you’ve received one college acceptance letter, it’s a good idea to wait to make your decision about where to go for college until after you’ve gotten all the admissions decisions from the colleges you applied to. This means that you should expect to wait, latest, until the first week of April, as most colleges should have sent out (electronically, by mail, or both) their decision notifications by this time. The only exception to this rule is if the school from which you got your college acceptance letter is your top choice. In this case, you already know you for sure want to attend this school, so go right on ahead to Step 3! Step 2: Choose a College to Attend Once you've gotten responses from all the colleges you applied to, it’s time to tally your results. You obviously can’t attend any colleges you’ve been rejected at, so this leaves you with only the schools you’ve been admitted to and waitlisted at. You now have to make an important decision: of the colleges you’ve been accepted at, which one do you want to attend the most? In other words, where do you see yourself thriving? If you're struggling to decide, ask yourself what you’re looking for in terms of the school campus, academics/majors, extracurriculars, overall atmosphere, location, cost, etc. We offer more tips in our guide on how to choose the best college for you. Step 3: Confirm Your Spot and Submit Your Deposit After you’ve figured out which college you want to attend, it’s time to confirm your spot in the new freshman class. To do this, you’ll usually need to fill out a form and return it to the college letting them know you intend to enroll in the fall. The deadline for your response will most likely be May 1, so be sure to contact your chosen college by this date. At this time, you should also submit your non-refundable deposit to the college. This college tuition deposit ensures you’ll have a spot in the new class. Note that this deposit may not be refunded under any circumstances, even if you change your mind or get admitted off the waitlist for a different college you’d rather attend. Step 4: Decline Your Admission Offers From Other Colleges Once you accept your offer of admission to your top-choice school, it's time to decline any other offers of admission you received. All you'll typically have to do is fill out a form letting the school know whether you intend to enroll. Again, this usually needs to be done by May 1. Recap: What to Know About the College Acceptance Letter If you’ve been accepted to a college, you’ll receive a college acceptance letter from that school, most likely at first electronically and then later as a hard copy in the mail. Most college decisions are released in the spring, typically no later than the first week of April. However, if you applied early action/early decision, you can expect to hear back in either December, January, or February. If you’ve received an admittance letter, that’s wonderful! Once you’ve finished celebrating, it’s time to figure out the next steps to take. First, you'll need to wait to hear back from all the colleges you applied to, as you might get accepted to other schools as well. After you’ve heard back, it’s time to make a decision about where you want to go for college. Once you’ve decided, you must confirm your enrollment at the school you've chosen, usually by May 1. You’ll also need to submit a non-refundable tuition deposit. Around this time, you can get started on declining any other acceptances you received from colleges. What’s Next? You know what a college acceptance letter looks like- but exactly when will your decision notification arrive? Check out our guide to college acceptance letter arrival dates to learn more. In order to snag an admittance letter to a college, you need to have a great application. Get tips on how to put together a great college application and learn how to estimate your chances of admission with our college acceptance calculator. Aiming for the Ivy League? Our expert guide explains how you, too, can get accepted to Harvard, Princeton, and more! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Ratio Analysis Case Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ratio Analysis Case - Speech or Presentation Example Investors of the company regard it as a poor investment because it has poor current and future performance. They anticipate lower growth in the future. As far as the well-being of the common stockholders are concerned, the company is able to provide them some returns in the form of dividends even though it might be lower than that of other companies in the industry. Stephens Company has a higher gross margin percentage implying reasonable profit as the company is keeping overhead costs in control. In terms of liquidity, the firm is relatively liquid. Its current ratio is greater than one meaning it is able to meet its near-term obligations with lots of ease. Its quick ratio is less than one implying that it  is unable to meet its short-term using its most liquid assets. The company is less liquid than other companies in the industry because it has lower quick and current ratios. In terms of efficiency, the company is less efficient in managing its liabilities and using its assets to generate income. Its average collection and sales period are more than that of other companies in the industry. The company’s efficiency in collecting its receivable is less than that of the industry. Additionally, the company has higher days’ inventory on hand. In terms of leverage, the company uses more debt than equity. It has a debt to equity ratio of 2. It is highly leveraged than other companies. Even, though it is highly leveraged, it has more cover for the interest expense (TIE=3.08 times), but the cover is less than that of other companies in the industry. In general, the company is able to pay both the long-term and short-term debts. The loan should be approved. First the company makes a reasonable profit which is sufficient enough for its daily operations. Secondly, the company has higher cover the for the interest expense implying lower risk as a result of bankruptcy. Finally, the company is able to provide common

Evaluate Unilevers financial strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evaluate Unilevers financial strategy - Essay Example A firm’s capital structure consist the mix of long term or permanent capital in the firm. This is the mix of various ordinary and preference shares, long term debt and retained earnings. All these sources are found in Unilevers capital structure. Capital structure theories are as discussed below. Dividends are part of the earnings which are distributed to the shareholders for their investment in the company. Dividends policies and decisions involve four critical issues: i.e. when the firm should pay dividends, how much dividend per share should the company pay, how should the company give out dividends and why should the firm pay dividends. Unilever pays dividend quarterly using residual dividend policy where the dividend is paid out of earnings after investment have been financed. The dividend is payable by cash. As to why In Aug, CEO John Polman mentioned, â€Å"While circumstances remain challenging in many marketplaces, I am motivated by the return to quantity development across all areas and the majority of nations and groups. More of our manufacturers are enhancing again behind strong enhancements, greater customer value improved marketing support, and better performance. We go on repairing quantity development while defending edges and income for the season. † Organizations go through different life-cycles just like individuals do. For example, individuals go through the beginnings, childhood and early-teenage stages that are recognized by plenty of fast development. People within these stages often do whatever it requires just to remain in existence, for example, eating, looking for protection and resting. Often, these individuals make energetic, extremely sensitive choices based on whatever is going on around them at this time. Start-up companies are like this, too. Often, creators of the company or system and its various associates have to do whatever is

Chinese culture Essay Example for Free

Chinese culture Essay William Faulkner once said that â€Å"The past is not dead. In fact, its not even past† and he could have speaking about the history of porcelain painting in China. The history of this ancient art lives and breathes in every porcelain plate we touch and eat off of. It lives and breathes in the small villages in China which cling to the past as much as they want to move into the future. We reach the beautiful of city of Yi-xing in the early morning hours. Early enough that the streets were empty and the sun was just peaking through the rows and rows of tea leaves. The blend of organic green and sandy orange reminded me of the beaches of California I had visited at a child. The city of Yi-ing is the home of several tea plantations which stretch as far as the eye can see. During the day the rows of teas are cluttered with the presence of severals humans which look out of place in the purely green surroundings. If you head south through the beautiful mountains, which look more like hills to me, you reach a deep and clear lake. This lake, Lake Taihu, is where Lu Yu once lived when he wrote his now infamous book about the magic of tea and its role in Chinese culture. Tea porcelain are intimately linked in Chinese culture. Each competing with the other to see which is older and more valued. Upon a close examination of the history it is hard to separate the two. The Chinese Porcelain factory sits on the far edge of the city of Yi-ing and is a striking contrast to the hills and valleys that lay in front of it and beyond it. It is interesting to see the coupling of industrialization and farming in a country which in some places seems oddly untouched by civilization and in other devastated by the pollution from manufacturers and cars. The story of Chinese Porcelain is one of perseverance and beyond that of innovation. Chinese ceramic and porcelain reveal the resourcefulness of Chinese artisans. They demonstrate in their pieces, which are found enclosed in glass in the lobby area of the factory, how they utilized the materials that they had and turned them into pieces of pottery that have with stood the test of time. In the Yuan and Mind dynasties, Chinese porcelain makers combined porcelain stone with kaolin however kaolin was extremely hard to work with. It was then that Chinese porcelain makers discovered that if you ground kaolin and then added water a malleable substance was created with could be kneaded into porcelain stone. This could easily be formed into pots and vases on the potters wheel. During the drying processes a knife is used to slice excess porcelain from the pottery which accounts for the delicate thinness of Chinese Porcelain. To my surprise once we went into the factory the very same techniques were being used. Centuries later modern Chinese artisans were paying homage to their centuries old mentors by building pottery in the same fashion. The twist is that the new pottery produced in these factories are brightly colored by hand with a small paint brush. The craftsmanship is perfect and the people here, who are obviously under paid and living in less then optimal condition, absolutely enjoy what they do. They take pride in every piece they make and are more then willing to share their skills with you. Our tour guide informed us that many of the kilns in use at the factory were hundreds of years old. Apparently once a large kiln is established it can be used for hundreds of years. The art of preparing clay and the process which follows is a craft which is passed down again and again from generation to generation. This is why visitors can find subtle differences in glazing processes as well as firing processes throughout the villages and cities in China. Porcelain is more then just a container used for tea or food stuff. The art displayed on pieces of Chinese Porcelain reveal the entire history of the Chinese people. From myths to fears, historic battles and even home comings. Pottery and porcelain pieces exported during these periods are an excellent source of research materials on the history of Chinas communications, trade, and economic relations with other countries. My trip to city of Yi-ing was memorable for several reasons but most importantly I was reminded of the value of craft within a society. I will never forget the feel of Chinese Porcelain on my fingertips. The knowledge that something that delicate could last for centuries was truly symbolic of the struggle and political strife that the Chinese people have dealt with since its birth. Art is not merely for decoration, entertainment, or even functionality. It serves a much more important purpose. Through art we can see the evolution and development of not just a country like China but the spirit and souls of the people who make their homes and keep their families in those counties.

The Moon is Down :: essays research papers

Throughout known history the system of democracy seems to be the most just, the most logical and the fairest of all ruling systems. Its ability to adjust to changing times is only one reason for its perseverance. In John Steinbeck’s The Moon is Down, this durability is displayed through the townspeople led by Mayor Orden, under the oppressive heels of their conquerors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most obvious examples of democracy’s endurance is the resistance displayed by the townspeople against their invaders. The oppression and invasion of the conquerors arouse, instead of crush, the desire in the defeated for freedom. These people, who have lived with the idea of a free rule of democracy, refuse to be chained down under the oppressive rule of the conquerors. It is for this reason that they strike back at their invaders. As said by Mayor Orden to Colonel Lanser of the aggressors, â€Å" ‘The people don’t like to be conquered, sir, and so they will not be. Free men cannot start a war, but once it is started, they can fight on in defeat. Herd men, followers of a leader, cannot do that, and so it is always the herd men who win battles and the free men who win wars.’ † [pp. 185-186] Thus, it is because of their freedom that people believing in the free rule of democracy do not let down and die when conquered, do not accept their being robbed of their rights, and fight against what is unjustly done to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The townspeople fight on again, perhaps with even more resolve, after the execution of Alex Morden, instead of their spirits being crushed, as was the intent. The entire purpose of Alex Morden’s public execution was to dissuade potential upstarts, but the result was the exact opposite of what was desired. The public display only empowered the townspeople’s resolve to fight back. To put it in Mayor Orden’s words, â€Å" ‘Our people are invaded, but I don’t think they’re conquered.’ † [p 139] Consequently, these people refuse to be put down, and, when faced with situations like Alex’s death, are not deterred but continue on with strengthened resolve.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While resistance is one aspect of democracy’s endurance, determination is another powerful ability it has, as it is shown in the Anders boys’ escape to Britain for help. Because of their overwhelming desire for freedom, the townspeople were willing to, and did, try anything possible to rebel against their invaders.

Heritage and Narrative Style in Alice Walker’s Essay

Everyday Use (1973), one of legendary author Alice Walker’s most popular and often anthologized short stories, employs a unique narrative style that serves not as a device to indicate chronology of events, but for a more significant goal. The transitions between the different tenses—past, present and future—symbolize the conflict exposed in the story of a black woman and her two daughters, who are polar opposites of each other. Specifically, it tackles the discussion of the African-American heritage, used in the story as a stage for different interpretations coming from various points of knowledge. The voices changes represent debates of future vs. present, present vs. past, affirmation vs. negation, and family vs. heritage. The narrator is the woman, Mrs. Johnson, referred to by her daughters as â€Å"Mama†, who lives in rural American South presumably during the late 1960s or early 70s. She has two daughters—Dee, the prettier one who left home for the city to study; and Maggie, of the many burn scars from a fire that raged their first home, and is painfully shy and prefers to stay in the background. The events start with the arrival of Dee, after many years, with her mother and sister preparing for the moment. This is mainly the reason for the future tense used in the opening paragraphs, as Mrs. Johnson describes how the just-swept yard looks like, and how nervous Maggie seems. Anticipation for what they may witness upon the arrival of Dee is clearly communicated, as well as references to the world they live in, unchanged by time yet comfortable for its occupants. Here, the typical texture of rural black America is subtly depicted, as detailed by the hard clay yard and the presence of elm trees. The next parts suddenly shift to present tense, as Mr. Johnson describes herself, and her relationship with her daughters. and the personalities of the two girls. She reveals her farm life and background, and how this contrasts and echoes the resulting characters of Dee and Maggie. Introspection is used throughout, indicating the inner debate Mrs. Johnson has with herself and possibly to validate her failure or success in raising her daughters. She speaks of Maggie in the present tense, but later changes to the past when describing Dee—showing that her familiarity with her girl remains purely in her memory. She compares Dee’s life as a teenager with that of her own, defining the obvious differences in attitude, education, and opportunities received. Several mentions of how Dee refused to live in the old house and possibly in the new one, representative of backwoods life, are points of emphasis referring to her character and attitude. These two observations, both real and anticipated, are the first hints at Dee’s negation of their heritage. Mrs. Johnson’s narrative also tells of another symbolic scene, as their first house burned down—when Maggie was marked with the permanent burn scars. Dee, while it was happening, was a safe distance away as she watched the burning intently, oblivious to the danger and the harm it was causing her sister. This image serves as an illustration of Dee’s hatred of the culture and heritage they have come to know, and how it has scarred her sister and rendered her insecure and invisible. Dee, who lives by her own rules, ultimately emerges as the clear winner in this phase of their unspoken battle. See more: how to start a personal narrative essay examples The narration of Dee’s arrival again begins with the future tense, but is literally cut abruptly by her presence. The voice shifts back to present, as Mrs. Johnson describes in graphic detail the strangeness of her daughter’s appearance, with a decidedly humorous tone that connotes subtle sarcasm over the absurdity. Dee, who now wants to be called Wangero, is made to appear like a caricature; the same, if not worse, goes for her male companion, who introduces himself as the Muslim Asalamalakim. The action is shown through various details that indicate both insincerity and pretense, starting with Dee’s laughable affectations in using a Polaroid camera—a symbol of technology, and, in this context, a device used to separate herself with her old life—her stylized wardrobe, and Asalamalakim’s unreal claim of his religious preference. Dee’s appearance in supposedly native African garb can be best described as her own personal style, and not cultural; Mrs. Johnson confirms this by recalling a unique trait of her daughter, that she always knew what style was, and was never without her own. But when Mrs. Johnson questions Dee, or Wangero, about her name change, her daughter simply and directly replies that Dee is dead. At this point, the narrative tense makes the most significant shift in the whole story—because this is the defining moment when Dee has become Wangero, and has finally revealed her decision to cut her African-American affinity, and consequently, her ties with her family. The concept of grief, which always alludes to the past, enters Mrs. Johnson’s narrative as a technique to contain the events as part of memory, and to point toward closure. As the story progresses, Wangero seems to take a curious interest in certain objects in the house, regular items that are used for their purpose yet pinpoint the kind of lifestyle its owners have. Wangero looks at them like souvenirs or decorative pieces that would be symbols of a life she has left, that solely serve as art. Her claim to the butter churn indicates her goal to showcase the object as a foreign memento, much like the Polaroid photos she took of her family and the house. However, while the churn was indeed a kitchen tool often used, its relevance to Mrs. Johnson and Maggie is closely-connected to their family’s history, because it was made by one of their relatives—coincidentally, the husband of the aunt Dee was named after. After a while, Wangero moves on to search for something that turns out to be the main reason for her visit: the set of quilts sewn by her grandmother, assisted by her mother and aunt. They were made from her grandmother’s dresses, and were all hand-stitched. For families like theirs, the quilts stand for values and relationships, and the time it took to create them also refer to togetherness and female bonding. Again, just like the churn, Wangero wanted the quilts for show—but on a larger scale. What have always been objects with purpose, meaning, and value in personal terms were about to be turned into conversation pieces and lonely wall decor; for this is exactly what Wangero had in mind. Mrs. Johnson informs her that she is reserving the quilts for when Maggie weds equally average John Thomas, but Wangero declares that Maggie would only put them to everyday use, and would eventually destroy such great pieces of art. The same ‘art’ that she had deemed old-fashioned when Mrs. Johnson offered her one went she went off to college. Maggie, as always, is willing to give up the quilts to her sister, but at this instance, her mother is overcome with her own realization—that the quilts deserved to stay with Maggie, possibly the one tangible representation of equality between her daughters. Wangero expresses her disgust over her family’s seeming ignorance and disrespect for their heritage, as she defined it, and for their lack of drive and objective. She departs by wearing oversized sunglasses, covering most of her face, yet another symbol of Wangero’s mindset to cover up and maintain a facade over her real identity. The last sentence of the story returns to present tense, as Mrs. Johnson relates how she and Maggie would just sit there, enjoying checkerberry snuff, unmindful of Wangero’s exit. Clearly, the narrator opts for this change to refer to actual change in their lives; she no longer had Wangero on a pedestal, and instead realized the value of the daughter who chose family over all else. Alice Walker made use of the innovative device of shifting tenses to communicate the reality of many black American families in the debate between heritage and empowerment. During this period, when racism and equality were still being discussed on a national scale, heritage exclusively referred to family and traditional values. The cultural identity and affirmation Wangero sought appeared shallow, for its sole meaning to her was for showcase, and was simply a rejection of all things familiar and valuable. The transposition of tenses shows Wangero’s superficial understanding of her newfound ideology, and the greater problem of her family’s acceptance if it. The device also plays out Mrs. Johnson’s predicament in making a wise choice, as established by the many questions she asked herself in the beginning of the story. Much of it was about her two girls, and which one she would choose—the smart, beautiful Dee, or the timid, deformed Maggie? Eventually, her decision, albeit unconsciously, was slowly and firmly made as she discovered how easy it had always been for Dee to turn her back on family and heritage. Because heritage for Dee or Wangero was one that was shown and remembered through photos and mementos, as detached from her self as old history books.

Remarks by the First Lady at Education Event Essay

The speech was held by the First Lady, Michelle Obama, at the DC High School as an educational event for the sophomores. The overriding subject of the speech is education which is an area Michelle Obama and her husband, Barack Obama, has spent a lot of time and resources on. After the introduction of the speech she speaks of a goal that her husband has set for America. She tells that it should be the goal of the entire country to have the highest proportion of college graduates in the world in 2020. She explains that it is very important because America was number one in college graduates a generation ago and now they are 12th. After that she changes the point of view on the subject from what it means for USA as a country, to what it means for every single student as an individual and points out that they should do it for their own sake. She mentions that two-thirds of all jobs in the country will be requiring some sort of education or training beyond high school in the future. She u ses her own story as an example and motivation for the students because she faced a lot of obstacles when she was at their age. The sender of the speech is Michelle Obama who is the First Lady of the United States. The fact that she is the First Lady gives her a lot of ethos, which makes her points and opinions more reliable and convincing. Even if she got a lot of ethos as the First Lady her husband, the president, has even more ethos, and when she speaks on behalf of him and his opinions she sort of â€Å"borrows† that ethos. Apart from the ethos Michelle Obama also uses the two other appeal forms in her speech. She uses pathos when she mentions the audience and even the country as â€Å"we.† It appeals to their feelings for the community and even their patriotic feelings towards their country. It also shows the students that she is no different from them, when she says â€Å"we† instead of â€Å"you† and â€Å"I† which makes her story about her education much more inspiring. She also uses pathos when she says â€Å"†¦you all are going to need some form of higher education in order to build the kind of lives that you want for yourselves, good careers, to be able to provide for your family.† By saying that she both appeals to their individual, egoistic feelings and objectives in order to get a prestigious, lucrative career, which appeals to some people, while the part about providing for  your family appeals to the familial feelings which is important for other people. Lastly she uses logos when she says that two-thirds of all jobs will require some training or education in the future because it is obvious for a rationally thinking person that you will have greater chances of getting a job if you have a great education. The audience of the speech is the sophomores of the DC High School. That means that she needs to keep the speech relatively simple, as her audience isn’t very old. As mentioned earlier the speech was held during an educational event. That is the circumstance of the speech and under that she addresses the topic education. The purpose of the speech is to motivate the students to continue their education when they have finished high school in order to succeed later in life. Other than the appeal forms she also uses rhetorical language or rhetorical tricks to motivate and convince the students to continue their education. One of the most important parts of the text is the goal for 2020 which Barack Obama mentions as the North Sta r goal. This is especially important because Michelle Obama mentions it twice in her speech. She mentions it in the start when she tells about the goal for 2020 and refers to it as the North Star goal. Later on, at the conclusion of the speech, she tells that her college diploma from Princeton University were her personal North Star goal. North Star is a simile which shows that people should walk towards their North Star goal even though it seemed to be out of reach, like the wise men did when they were looking for Jesus. The North Star goal is the connection between the objective for the entire nation and the objective for each individual student, as every student would have to fight to reach their personal North Star goal, like Michelle Obama did, to make it possible for the nation to reach the big North Star goal. Another trick that Michelle Obama uses is anaphora. She says â€Å"Plus, I knew I couldn’t afford to go on a bunch of college visits. I couldn’t hire a personal tutor. I couldn’t enroll in SAT prep classes.† She uses this anaphora where she repeats the words â€Å"I couldn’t† to point out how many obstacles she fought through in order to reach her North Star goal. This should make the students realize that it is possible for everybody to get an education no matter their social background, if just they fight hard for it. Another example of anaphora is when she says â€Å"That’s how me, that’s how Menbere, that’s how so many other students have overcome adversities to reach our goals.† That once again  makes it clear that everyone can get an education and that it is very important to get an education that goes beyond high school. Even though the speech is relatively short, it is easy to see that Michelle Obama is an excellent speaker. She uses a wide range of rhetorical tricks and appeal forms to make her messages and opinions about education clear and convincing. She both appeals to the feelings of the individual and the society by using logos, pathos and ethos which makes the speech appealing to as many people as possible. She connects the start and end of the speech with the reference to the North Star goal which makes the speech more impactful and gives the students something that is easy to remember from the speech.

Robert Louis Stevenson essays

Robert Louis Stevenson essays Robert Louis Stevenson is the versatile imaginative author of several classic works in several genres. Stevenson also wrote stories and short novels which display his personal charm, optimism during much serious illness, romantic tastes, vigorous manner, and powerful narrative. Through his tales of adventure, Stevenson has been a favorite of both children and adults. Stevenson was an intensive prose stylists that came from a Scottish family. He was born in Edinburgh on November 13, 1850 (Discovering Authors 1). He was a sickly fragile child and suffered from severe respiratory ailments (1). Stevensons relationship with parents became increasingly difficult as he reached adolescence. His father, a civil engineer, expected him to train for the family profession of light house building, which Stevenson refused (1). Although Stevenson wanted to be a writer, his father insisted that Stevenson be trained in a more secure profession, and he took a law degree in 1875, which he rarely practiced (Seagal 261). A restless nature and poor health ensured that Stevenson spent much of his life in search of adventure and on appropriate climate for his health. While traveling he met and married Mrs. Fanny Osbourne in 1880 and had two stepchildren by the names of Lloyd Osbourne and Isobel Strong (Discovering Authors 2). Stevenson traveled a lot, but his journeys to France provided much material for his travel books (2). Stevenson had his first story published under his name, A Lodging For The Night was published in 1877 (Seagal 1). Stevenson announced he was agnostic when twenty-two years old. He wrote prayers for family and attended church of Scotland, Presbyterian, by upbringing (Discovering Authors 3). At age forty-four, Stevenson died due to a cerebral hemorrhage. Stevenson always wrote his stories with creativity and excitement. Stevensons story distances so unmistakably..., that its o ...

3 Secrets That Will Maximize Your SEO Success With Lydia Gilberston

3 Secrets That Will Maximize Your SEO Success With Lydia Gilberston Search engine optimization, or SEO, gets a lot of attention. While everyone knows it’s important, not everyone knows how to do it. You can get a lot of surface-level advice on SEO, but today we’re going to dig a little deeper by talking to a true expert in the field. Lydia Gilbertson is from Distilled in Seattle, Washington, She has a lot of knowledge and experience working with large clients where organic rankings are important to the bottom line. We’re going to talk about how to write content with SEO in mind, how to structure a sitemap, and some ideas for increasing site speed. Some of the highlights of the show include: What Lydia does at Distilled and what types of problems she helps solve. Searcher intent: What it is and why it’s important for SEO. Where marketers should start if they want to optimize their current content. What sitemaps are and why they’re important, as well as where many sitemaps go wrong. The importance of site speed for SEO and why it matters. Lydia also shares her best tips for improving site speed. Lydia’s top advice for increasing your organic search rankings. Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By AMP055: 3 Secrets That Will Maximize Your SEO Success With Lydia Gilbertson From Distilled 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Links: Distilled Screaming Frog Page Speed Insights If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Lydia: â€Å"A good portion of [getting into the searcher’s mind] is just basic empathy towards trying to put yourself in the user’s situation.† â€Å"A good way to keep your sitemap organized is to just remember that it’s there.† â€Å"Optimize your website for just being a good user-friendly website. It’s generally the most important thing that you could focus on.†

(HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT) EFFECTIVE TRAINING METHODS FOR LEADERSHIP Essay

(HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT) EFFECTIVE TRAINING METHODS FOR LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT - Essay Example In addition, the core emphasis on today’s work methodologies emphasizes team work and coordination given the highly complex nature of today’s tasks. Teams engage constructively to evolve a common strategy towards fulfilling organizational responsibilities. In an age when organizations look towards improving the team work amongst employees, the need to coordinate and lead such teams becomes an investible necessity. Moreover, organizations and business cultures are driven by change where there is a constant effort towards improvement and the thrust towards better techniques of management. The advent of globalization and the subsequent rise is competition for limited resources is further forcing individuals to develop skills to resolve conflicts and evolve skills that can resolve any discrepancies in a qualitative manner (Kenneth Clark, 1996). All these aspects are traits of successful leadership. There are several methods to foster and nurture leadership and managerial skills within a work culture. Some organizations look towards developing leadership as an inclusive and internal process. In fact, it is often believed that the key factor to win in a competitive market it to enable the creation of able leaders. Organizations that span across countries and cultures cannot thrive without developing leaders within their organization, which is achieved by providing the qualified ones with the right opportunities to develop such management skills that can take on added responsibility, make them feel pride in facing new challenges and providing them the requisite resources that can help them overcome all such challenges in a satisfactory manner (Martin Simons, 2003). However, in the midst of this struggle within organizations to find the best fit for developing their next generation of leaders, a number of questions need to be answered. Companies are interested in understanding the

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Literature Review - Essay Example No time lag will be there in between the data transfer. PDM tools collaborate with other parts of the system to increase the efficiency and speed of the system. Improved productivity of the engineers is the second advantage of PDM system. It is widely accepted that engineers are wasting a substantial period of time for searching , retrieving, filing, handling and storing of document and information. PDM system can help the engineers in avoiding all the above time wasting areas of their profession. The third advantage is the improved control. PDM system ensures the availability of up to date data to all to ensure better control (Crow, n. d). Grundey (2009) has mentioned that Product Data Management (PDM) software helps to provide revision control and file access permission capability for CAD data. Moreover, PDM system improves housekeeping. At the same time PDM system has the disadvantages of more browsing needed to locate files and lot of searching to be done for related draft files (Grundey 2009). Product life management, sometimes "product life cycle management", represents management of all data relating to the design, production, support and ultimate disposal of manufactured goods. Every product has a life period like the living things. It starts from the design stage and ends at the disposal stage. Even though PLM is widely used in the engineering CAD field, it is used in other areas like word processors; spreadsheet and graphics programs; requirements analysis and market assessment tools; field trouble reports; and even emails or other correspondence (Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), 2009). PLM provides the users a vision; a blue print; a road map; a backbone,( a platform where other components could be based on), a bird-eye view,( an overall picture on what you are doing or going to do with your products) (The Secret of Lean PLM implementation, n. d, p. 3). PLM help engineers or others to

The case Sons of Gwalia Ltd v Margaretic ( business law ) Research Paper

The case Sons of Gwalia Ltd v Margaretic ( business law ) - Research Paper Example First corporate legislation was created in 1862, since then corporate legislation has undergone and is undergoing through some dramatic, and other changes which are less dramatic but do bring effect over the corporate practices. Thus, social, legal and economic climate has since the first private corporation legislation, has been changed. Now, it has become different and Australian Securities and Investments Commission has recognized the requirement and need for the consumers’ confidence in the market, so that they could more informed and confident about the investment decision they would be undertaking. This change in ASIC commission behavior did not occurred by itself, the main cause and event behind this changing of character and care for the investors became when Australian Government started the active campaign for improving business opportunities and business investment in the country. Luka Margaretic, shareholder of â€Å"Sons of Gwalia Ltd† which is publicly lis ted company on Australian Stock Exchange, filed a legal process against the company demanding claims for damages caused by loss of the stock values of â€Å"Sons of Gwalia Ltd† gold mining company. ... This false claim of company gold reserves was making it problematic and challenging for the company to supply gold to their customers with whom they hard contractual agreement of the then fixed gold prices. Due to rise in gold prices and insufficient availability of gold stock in company reserves caused share price to drop substantially, thus providing reason to Luka Margaretic to file a lawsuit claiming damages. In order for capital markets to operate efficiently, market investors are required to possess accurate information and detail about the companies which are offering trade on the market. Therefore, Australian corporate laws have generated a surplus of corporate disclosure requirements which ensure that price-sensitive information, information which can have effect over the prices of the stock values of the company. These obligations include. Continuous Disclosure Transaction-specific disclosure obligation These rules are formulated by disclosure laws which are enforceable by a range of public and private preparations. However, this creation of private preparations to avoid the problems often can result the tension between prioritizing the parties involved. Though, the law has set off systems which favor, unsecured creditors over the members of the company, thus undermining the investment of the shareholder. Numerous decisions have been examined and the scope of the rules which are subordinated claims to become insolvency. The pinnacle of the development has been the sculptures misrepresentation which induced the purchase of the shares which had occurred in the secondary market; these were then forbidden and not allowed over the secondary market. Protections in Corporate Law for Creditors Corporate law provides numerous

Cause of the melamine

Cause of the melamine What is the cause of the melamine incident which triggered many countries? The melamine incident was initially centred on Sanlu, a Hebei-based dairy company, whose melamine-contaminated baby milk powder had sickened a growing number of infants. Nationwide inspections later found that milk powder from 21 dairy companies including Mengniu and Yili are also contaminated. Two giant processing companies — Mengniu Dairy Group Co. and Yili Industrial Group Co. — control nearly 60 percent of the total market for milk, yogurt and other dairy products, according to Beijing Orient Agribusiness Consultant Co. But in the past three years, prices for feed, fuel and other costs rose — feed by as much as 30 percent. Further pressures came last year when Beijing enacted price controls to tame double-digit inflation for food. Milk collectors found themselves squeezed between the farmers asking for more money and the processors who demanded that prices be held down, said Chen Lianfang of Orient Agribusiness. That squeeze gave suppliers incentives to tamper with the raw milk, watering it down and then adding ingredients, said Chen. Melamine, a relatively cheap binding agent used in plastics, fertilizer, and as a flame retardant, is rich in nitrogen, fooling widely used tests that check for protein. When mixed with formaldehyde, it dissolves in water. Authorities say middlemen apparently added melamine to milk they collected from farmers to sell to large dairy companies. The suppliers are accused of watering down the milk and then adding the nitrogen-rich chemical to make the milk seem higher in protein when tested. Protein tests often simply measure nitrogen levels. Melamine can cause kidney stones and lead to kidney failure in larger doses. Babies whom consumed the contaminated milk began suffering from kidney problems caused by the melamine and doctors were blaming the powdered milk. The scandal first came to light in milk powder that killed four infants and sickened more than six thousand others across China spread to liquid milk. Many countries like Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Taiwan, and Malaysia have already banned all milk products from China while a number of countries have announced recalls of a variety of goods suspected of being spiked. Singapore banned the import and sale of all Chinese milk products after some were removed from stores in Hong Kong. In late October 2008, CHINAS Health Ministry said six babies may have died after consuming tainted milk powder, up from a previous official toll of three. It also announced a sixfold increase in its tally of infants sickened in the scandal to nearly 300,000. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26859570/page/2/ http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=D94064AO0show_article=1catnum=2 http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/World/Story/STIStory_281658.html http://www.newsnet.co.zw/index.php?nID=13877 Why China and Malaysia milk products are the only ones being banned? They found out that the diary products contained melamine too. SINGAPORE: The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) has instructed importers and retailers to withdraw all Malaysia-made Julies brand biscuits from the shelves. This comes after AVA detected the industrial chemical melamine in 12 Julies biscuit products imported from Malaysia. AVA says there are 25 types of Julies biscuits sold in Singapore, but as a precaution, it decides to recall all Julies biscuits. AVA advises consumers who have bought affected biscuits not to eat them. AVAs tests also included various types of biscuits under the major brands of Khong Guan and Meiji as well as other traditional biscuits that are manufactured in Singapore. Melamine has not been detected in these products. AVA says Lotte Koalas March Cocoa Chocolate Biscuit and Hello Kitty Strawberry Cream Filled Biscuit have been recalled since 19 September. The tainted products will be destroyed under AVAs supervision. As of 24 October, 3,200 types of milk and milk products, chocolates, biscuits, non-dairy creamers and other products imported from more than 40 countries have been taken for laboratory analysis to check for melamine. Along with five other biscuit products from Malaysia, the 12 affected Julies products form the first batch of non-China goods found tainted with melamine in Singapore since the worldwide food scandal started last month. The AVA said that the contamination in the Malaysian biscuits seems to have stemmed from tainted ammonium bicarbonate, which is used as a raising agent in confectionery. Since the AVAs latest announcement, manufacturers and importers have been scrambling to check whether their products contain leavening agents from China. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporelocalnews/view/385183/1/.html Singapores AVA suspended the import of all milk and milk products from China and instructed retailers and importers to recall such products. Three products were found to contain melamine â€Å"White Rabbit Creamy Candy†, â€Å"Yili Brand Choice Dairy Fruit Bar Yogurt† and â€Å"Dutch Lady† strawberry-flavoured milk. Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) has suspended the import and sale of all milk and milk products from China with immediate effect as samples of Singapore stocks of two made-in-China milk products have been found to be tainted with the potentially deadly chemical melamine. http://livinginsingaporetoday.com/686/ava-has-suspended-the-import-and-sale-of-all-milk-and-milk-products-from-china-with-immediate-effect/ SINGAPORE Singapore on Friday suspended the import and sale of all milk and milk products from China after local tests found samples containing the potentially deadly industrial chemical melamine. The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore (AVA) said in a statement that its tests found melamine in two samples of Yili brand iced yoghurt. They also found the chemical in the Dutch Lady brand of strawberry flavoured milk manufactured in China, AVA said. Those products have been removed from market shelves and will be destroyed, the agency said. In the aftermath of Chinas milk contamination, the Agri—Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA), Singapores processed and primary food inspectorate, recently discovered that White Rabbit Creamy Candy, again manufactured in China, also contains melamine. White Rabbit is the third dairy confectionary from China which showed melamine content in AVAs laboratory tests. Yili Brand, a fruit bar yogurt and Dutch Lady, a strawberry-flavored milk have been earlier taken out of stores after they have been found to contain melamine. http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/world/09/19/08/singapore-suspends-china-milk-imports-deadly-chemical-found-yoghurt During this melamine incident, what actions did AVA (Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority) took, to prevent and minimize cases from happening in Singapore? As a precautionary measure, AVA is also suspending the import and sale of all milk and milk products from China with immediate effect, it said. Retailers and importers have been instructed to recall these products and these products will be withheld from sale until they have cleared the necessary tests. AVA said local food manufacturers have also been instructed to stop using milk and milk products from China as ingredients until the agency completes its probe. Consumers are also advised not to consume any milk and milk products from China pending AVAs investigations, it said. The AVA confirmed it would allow the import of Julies biscuits once it is sure they are safe. Singapores AVA said it advised consumers on Wednesday about a recall of the Yili yoghurt product after tests in Hong Kong found it contaminated with the chemical, which can be lethal if consumed in large amounts. http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/world/09/19/08/singapore-suspends-china-milk-imports-deadly-chemical-found-yoghurt Because melamine is an industry chemical not approved for use in food manufacture. The amount of melamine found in the ten products above is higher than what can be considered as naturally occurring. It is clear that melamine has been artificially added to adulterate these products. As melamine contamination was already uncovered in several products, AVA has suspended the import and sale of all milk and milk products from China since 19 September 2008. Retailers and importers have been instructed to recall these products and these products will be withheld from sale until such products are safe for consumption. Anyone finding such products still on sale should inform AVA immediately. There have been recent advertisements by some food companies assuring consumers on the safety of their milk or milk products manufactured in China, claiming that the milk ingredients in such products came from other countries. Companies should not make such claims unless they have been verified with AVA. AVA would like to reiterate that as long as the milk or milk products are produced in China, such products are suspended from import and sale in Singapore. AVA will not hesitate to take enforcement actions against any company who violates this ban. http://docs.google.com/gview?a=vq=cache:zicP4VhuGu8J:www.ava.gov.sg/NR/rdonlyres/5DD7CAF8-82EB-4BDF-AD50-83A556546488/22147/AVApressreleasefor30Sepappvd_website_021008.pdf+singapore+ava+moh+china+milkhl=engl=sg Local food manufacturers have also been instructed to cease the use of milk and milk products from China as ingredients. Consignments which have newly arrived or are on the way will also be withheld from sale. If the consumers have already bought the contaminated products or any other milk or milk products from China, they are advised not to consume them. Consumers should read the labels of the products to check the country of origin. If the milk or milk products are from China, consumers should not consume them. http://gardenclinic.net/gardenkids/article/Melamine.pdf Miscellaneous It has become apparent in recent days that people in China have been deliberately watering down the milk to cut costs, then adding in the melamine to boost the protein content and make the product look normal. Singapore is an island nation which imports virtually all its food.

Microscope Lab Report Essay -- Microscopes

Lab Work Not Included The purpose for completing this lab was to observe how microscopes function. The invention & evolution of the microscope has been an ongoing process since the Middle Ages, when the first convex magnifying lenses were introduced. In 1590, the Jansen Brothers invented the first compound microscope (two or more lenses).However, Antony van Leevenwenhoek created the first â€Å"true† microscope, in 1665, with 300x magnification & unbelievable resolution. During the late 1700’s, the microscope was reinvented with 1500x magnification. The most recent advancement in microscopes is the electron microscope, which was invented in 1930. This particular model uses an electron beam, instead of light & 4,000,000x magnifications with incredible resolution. There are many different parts of a microscope and each one has its own unique purpose. The compound microscope has 13 main parts. The base & arm are used to carry the microscope. The lamp or mirror is the source of light, the body tube lets light through, & the diaphragm controls the amount of light. There are also three dif... Microscope Lab Report Essay -- Microscopes Lab Work Not Included The purpose for completing this lab was to observe how microscopes function. The invention & evolution of the microscope has been an ongoing process since the Middle Ages, when the first convex magnifying lenses were introduced. In 1590, the Jansen Brothers invented the first compound microscope (two or more lenses).However, Antony van Leevenwenhoek created the first â€Å"true† microscope, in 1665, with 300x magnification & unbelievable resolution. During the late 1700’s, the microscope was reinvented with 1500x magnification. The most recent advancement in microscopes is the electron microscope, which was invented in 1930. This particular model uses an electron beam, instead of light & 4,000,000x magnifications with incredible resolution. There are many different parts of a microscope and each one has its own unique purpose. The compound microscope has 13 main parts. The base & arm are used to carry the microscope. The lamp or mirror is the source of light, the body tube lets light through, & the diaphragm controls the amount of light. There are also three dif...

Financial statements Essay

David Sheridan provided statements that did not reflect Global’s current financial situation which mislead creditors and investors. Borrowing more money would have indicated that the business was in the process of losing assets which would cause stakeholders withdraw and to discontinue investing with the company. This is similar to the Enron scandal, which greatly affected stakeholders not only financially but also morally. According the American journal of business (2006), â€Å"Enron’s top managers chose stakeholder deception and short-term financial gains for themselves, which destroyed their personal and business reputations and their social standing†. After reviewing the AICPA’s Articles of Professional Conduct, I believe that David violated Article I and III. According to Edmonds, T. (2010), Article I Responsibilities- â€Å"In carrying out their responsibilities as professionals, members should exercise sensitive professional and moral judgments in all their activities†. Article III Integrity- â€Å"To maintain and broaden public confidence, members should perform all professional responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity† (p. 65). There are three features of the fraud triangle. Edmonds, T. (2010) states, â€Å"Opportunity is shown at the head to the triangle because without opportunity fraud could not exist†. David found an opportunity that he thought would benefit the company, which allowed Global to hide non-profitable assets in another company without disturbing investors and creditors. It also provided an opportunity, as Global would not need to borrow more money. Edmonds, T. (2010) explains, â€Å"The second element of the fraud triangle recognizes pressure as a key ingredient of misconduct. A manager who is told â€Å"either make the numbers or you are fired† is more likely to cheat than one who is told to â€Å"tell it like it is.† (p.67). I believe that David felt the pressure as to produce results in order to keep the business from failing. The third element of the fraud triangle is rationalization. According to Edmonds, T. (2010), â€Å"Few individuals think of themselves as evil. They develop rationalizations to justify their misconduct† (p. 67). I believe David and the others involved believed that they were not actually defrauding the people since they had planned to balance the sheets on the financial statements when the economy picks up or the business stock prices rise. References Edmonds, T. (2010). Survey of Accounting, 2nd Edition (2nd ed). McGraw-Hill Primis Custom Publishing. Petrick, J. A., & Scherer, R. F. (2006). The Enron Scandal and the Neglect of Management Integrity Capacity. American journal of business, 18(1), 126.

Surrogate Marketing (Advertising)

The makers of these brands were banned to advertise and they resorted to surrogate advertising. It is a sort of advertising where a cover product is promoted in order to promote the actual product that is banned. Surrogate marketing refers to intentionally utilizing a company, person or object to help convey the message of another party. The term has both positive and negative connotations. On the positive side, surrogate marketing is somewhat akin to grassroots or viral marketing in which a marketing organization may actively recruit others to help spread the message or can also be likened to hiring a manufacturer’s representative to sell your product. However, it is the negative side that seems to have drawn the most attention. A surrogate advertising campaign can be used to indirectly promote products or services deemed by some groups as being unhealthy, unethical, and immoral or, possibly, illegal through activities that are viewed as acceptable forms of promotion. For instance, in some parts of the world where regulation exists that may ban promoting alcohol and tobacco, firms promote these brands by tying the brand names to more acceptable products. For instance, the same brand name used for selling cigarettes may also be the same brand name on a juice product. In this way the customer is not only aware of the acceptably advertised brand but also understands the connection to the regulated product. Surrogate advertisements took off not long ago in the UK, where British housewives protested strongly against liquor advertisements â€Å"luring† away their husbands. The liquor industry found a way around the ban: Surrogate advertisements for cocktail mixers, fruit juices and soda water using the brand names of the popular liquors. In India, ministry of health has banned the advertising of liquor and tobacco. But many liquor brands (like McDowell's whisky) initiated other products like sodas in the same name which are then advertised. Another instance of surrogate advertising is ‘Four Square Bravery Awards' in the name of Four Square cigarettes. Surrogate marketing is used in two contexts: the first is when a company â€Å"farms out† the entire marketing function and the group providing the service is called a â€Å"surrogate marketing department. † I don't believe this is the context for which you are looking. The second is what is happening in India with respect to the ban on tobacco and alcohol advertising. Companies in banned industries are introducing brand extensions with products that are legal to advertise with the same brand name as the banned product. One liquor company introduced apple juice with the same brand name as the liquor. The idea is the companies can advertise freely the extension – thus keeping their banned-from-the-media products in the minds of the customers. So the apple juice, for instance, is the surrogate for the liquor in the ads. The companies also don't care much about the sales of the surrogate products -for instance, it seems that the apple juice isn't even readily available to buy throughout the company. This loophole that the tobacco and liquor companies are exploiting is upsetting the legislature because every apple juice ad that reminds the consumers of the liquor is a slap in the lawmakers' faces. But, they also don't quite know what to do about it! In general, surrogate marketing is when you promote one product or service in the hopes of selling another. Why you would want to do that varies. The best reason is that you aren't able to legally. But other reasons might be because the two products sell better together – for instance, you may make a product and it requires service – which you don't provide. You can market a service provider – the surrogate – who will only use your product.